安装Hypervisor软件

不同的操作系统安装Hypervisor软件的操作步骤不同,可直接参考表1直接跳转到对应的内容。

表1 操作系统参考步骤

虚拟机操作系统

参考步骤

openEuler 22.03 LTS

openEuler 20.03 LTS

BC Linux 8.2

BC Linux 21.10

CentOS 7.5(5.10.0)

CULinux 3.0

Kylin V10

Kylin V10 SP2

Kylin V10 SP3

Tlinux3.1

UOS V20(1050e)

UOS V20(1050u2e)

操作步骤

Ubuntu 20.04

Ubuntu 22.04

Debian10(veLinux 1.3)

veLinux 1.1

veLinux 1.1(5.10.200)

操作步骤

Debian10.13

Debian10.8

Debian11.8

veLinux 1.2

操作步骤

openEuler 22.03 LTS/openEuler 20.03 LTS/Kylin V10 SP2/Kylin V10/BC Linux 21.10/UOS V20(1050e)/CULinux 3.0/CentOS 7.5(5.10.0)/Tlinux3.1/UOS V20(1050u2e)/Kylin V10 SP3/BC Linux 8.2

  1. 执行如下命令,安装必要的工具软件和库文件。

    • 对于BC Linux 8.2:
      1. 手动修改/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下的.repo文件,编辑gpgcheck=1 enabled=1
      2. 执行如下命令:

        yum install -y libvirt*

        yum install -y virt-install virt-viewer edk2*

    • 其他OS:请执行yum install -y libvirt* virt-install virt-viewer edk2*

    显示如下,表示安装成功。

    Complete!

  2. 对于Kylin V10 SP2/Kylin V10 SP3,执行如下命令,安装QEMU。

    yum install qemu

    显示如下,表示安装成功。

    Complete!

  3. 执行如下命令,重启libvirtd服务。

    service libvirtd restart

    不同的OS回显信息不同,具体回显信息请以实际环境为准。

    Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart libvirtd.service

  4. 执行如下命令,查看Hypervisor是否安装成功。

    virsh version

    显示如下,表示安装Hypervisor成功。具体版本号请以实际环境为准。

    Compiled against library: libvirt 6.2.0
    Using library: libvirt 6.2.0
    Using API: QEMU 6.2.0
    Running hypervisor: QEMU 6.2.0

Ubuntu 20.04/Ubuntu 22.04/veLinux 1.1/veLinux 1.1(5.10.200)/Debian10(veLinux 1.3)

  1. 执行如下命令,安装virt-manager管理虚拟机。

    apt-get install -y virt-manager
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree
    Reading state information... Done
    The following additional packages will be installed:
    acl adwaita-icon-theme at-spi2-core dns-root-data dnsmasq-base fontconfig fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core genisoimage gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1 gir1.2-atk-1.0 gir1.2-freedesktop gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0
    gir1.2-glib-2.0 gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 gir1.2-gtk-3.0 gir1.2-gtk-vnc-2.0 gir1.2-gtksource-4 gir1.2-libosinfo-1.0 gir1.2-libvirt-glib-1.0 gir1.2-pango-1.0 gir1.2-spiceclientglib-2.0

  2. 执行如下命令,查看virt-manager是否安装成功。

    virt-manager --version

    显示如下,表示安装成功。具体版本号请以实际环境为准。

    2.2.1

  3. 执行如下命令,安装必要的工具软件和库文件。

    apt-get install -y qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-clients qemu-system virt-viewer

    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree
    Reading state information... Done
    virt-viewer is already the newest version (7.0-2build1).
    virt-viewer set to manually installed.
    libvirt-clients is already the newest version (6.0.0-0ubuntu8.16).

  4. 执行如下命令,设置libvirtd开机自启动。

    systemctl enable --now libvirtd

    不同的OS回显信息不同,具体回显信息请以实际环境为准。

    Synchronizing state of libvirtd.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
    Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable libvirtd

  5. 执行如下命令,查询libvirtd的服务状态,确保服务为开机自启动。

    systemctl status libvirtd
    ● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
    Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
    Active: active (running) since Mon 2023-01-09 11:43:00 UTC; 6min ago
    TriggeredBy: ● libvirtd.socket
    ● libvirtd-admin.socket
    ● libvirtd-ro.socket
    ...
    Jan 09 11:43:01 atlas dnsmasq-dhcp[6455]: read /var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.hostsfile

Debian11.8/Debian10.13/veLinux 1.2/Debian10.8

  1. 执行如下命令,安装必要的工具软件和库文件。

    apt install -y libvirt* qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-clients qemu-system-arm virt-viewer virtinst

    显示如下,表示安装成功。

    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree... Done
    Reading state information... Done
    ...
    0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

    若打印信息中提示:

    Package qemu-kvm is not available, but is referred to by another package.

    This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or

    is only available from another source

    However the following packages replace it:

    cpu-checker

    E: Package 'qemu-kvm' has no installation candidate

    表示qemu-system-arm中已包含了qemu-kvm,可忽略此信息,执行apt install -y libvirt* libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-clients qemu-system-arm virt-viewer virtinst即可。

  2. 执行如下命令,重启libvirtd服务。

    sudo service libvirtd restart

    不同的OS回显信息不同,具体回显信息请以实际环境为准。

    Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart libvirtd.service

  3. 执行如下命令,查看Hypervisor是否安装成功。

    virsh version

    若显示如下,表示安装Hypervisor成功。具体版本号请以实际环境为准。

    Compiled against library: libvirt 7.0.0
    Using library: libvirt 7.0.0
    Using API: QEMU 7.0.0
    Running hypervisor: QEMU 4.1.0

  4. 执行如下命令,设置libvirtd开机自启动。

    sudo systemctl enable --now libvirtd

    不同的OS回显信息不同,具体回显信息请以实际环境为准。

    Synchronizing state of libvirtd.service with SysV service script with /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install.
    Executing: /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable libvirtd

  5. 执行如下命令,查询libvirtd的服务状态,确保服务为开机自启动。

    sudo systemctl status libvirtd

    ● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
         Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
         Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-05-27 22:37:51 CST; 7min ago
    TriggeredBy: ● libvirtd-ro.socket
    ...
    script=/usr/lib/libvirt/libvirt_>
                 └─4826 /usr/sbin/libvirtd